Metal window sash and the like



June 13, 1933.

H. SWISSLER 1,913,521

METAL WINDOW SASH AND THE LIKE Original Filed Aug. 17, 1929 2Sheets-Shet 1 Q/WveWhT-i syerr/zafi 2,3276% Q Juhe 13, 1933.

H. SWISSLER 1,913,521

METAL WINDOW SASH AND THE LIKE Original Filed Aug. 17, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED STATES Patented June 13, 1933 PATENT OFFICE nEnMAiswIssLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINoIs, AssIGNon To LoUIs BIEGL R coMI'ANY, 01'CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS Mn'rA wINDow SASH AND THELIKE Application flledlugust 17, 1929, Serial No. 386,568. RenewedNovember 2, 1932.

This invention has to do with certain improvements in metal windowsashand the like: 7 The improvements concern them- I selves particularlywith the arrangement of seams whereby the sheet metal parts are securedtogether. I

1 Themain object of the invention is to provide a window sash havingcertain of the seams by which the metal strips are locked 0 together soformed and placed as to make it possible to materially reduce thevertical dimensions of certain of the horizontal rails of the upper andlower sash of the window.

In other words these features of the invention make it possible tomaterially reduce the amount of surfaceiexposure of the horizontal railsin which. the features of the invention are incorporated, withcorresponding increase in the superficial area of. the glass or openingof the window sash. The amount of this increase of area due to narrowingof the horizontal sash rails is a very substantial percentageof thetotal and will in many cases amount to as much as 15-25 per centincrease in the glassed opening.

Another object of the invention is toprovide an arrangement of seamssuch that a maximum of strength and rigidity of the metal frame isproduced. 1

A further object of the invention isto provide an arrangement such thatthe seam is brought to one of the edges of the sash where it is leastobjectionable. from the standpoint of visibility; and at the same timethe bringing of the seam into this location makes it possible to. finishit by cementing and painting under conditions which are mostadvantageous for the complete elimination of any objectionableappearance due to the presence of the seam. I In order that the featuresof the invention may be-better understood and their significance andrelevancy may be appreciated,

I will state that the abilityto produce a given seam'within a givenlocation depends not merelyupon the form and size of the seam, but alsodepends upon its location and position with respect to other portions ofthe sheetmetalstructure. This is true because of the necessity of usingdies and tools fbr breaking r bending the metal along a the desiredlines, and these dies and tools requlre the presence of a suflicientamount of space to accommodate them and make it possible to manipulatethem. For these M reasons a seam of a specified form and size may beproduced with certain clearances with respect to other surfaces whenlocated in one position, but may require greater clearances when locatedin a different position with respect to the same surface.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 shows a vertical section through a two sash window, the centralportions of the upper and lower sash and; adjacent window casingstructures being broken away to shorten the figure.

i the lower rail of the lower sash of Figure 1, on enlarged scale;

Figure 4 shows a horizontalsection taken substantially on the line 44 ofFigure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows and it also shows avertical muntin bar in the central portion of the upper sash; I

Figure 5 shows a fragmentary face view of the upper corner of one of thesash showing how the stile and cross rail are riveted together in thecorner; and

Figure 6 shows a fragmentary section through the upper rail of the lowersash and the lower rail of an upper sash ofa previous type ofconstruction in which the seam is located on the horizontal surface dowcase including the sides 9 and 10, the sill 11 and the top 12.

Considering the bottom sash 7, the same includes the stiles 13 and 14,the top cross rail 15, and the bottomcross rail 16. Each of the stilesincludes a sheet bent to establish the ogees 17 and 18 which are joinedtogether at their inner edges by the U-shaped or grooved portion 19,which receives the edge of the glass panel 20. The edges of the sheetare then carried outwardly in the flanges 21 and 22 and are reentered orturned backwardly on themselves as shown at 23 and 24 to establishinwardly facing grooves. Another channel shaped sheet 25 has its edgeportions turned outwardly and properly spaced and of proper depth towork in the channels 23 and 24. Consequently, when the flanges of thesheet 25 are slid into the groove portions 23 and 24, the two sectionsare effectively locked together into a hollow stile. Said edge portionsmay be soldered :or riveted or otherwise secured if necessary.

The bottom cross rail 16 is established .by

a sheet which is so folded as to provide the ogees 26 and 27 which arejoined along their inner edges to establish a channel 28 to receive thelower edge of the glass pane 20. One edge of this sheet is then carrieddown and is refolded on itself to establish a [double thickness lip 29along the inner lower edge :of the rail, and such refolded portion isagain refolded along its upper edge as shown at 30 to establish anoutwardly facing channel. A similar construction is employed at theoutside face of the lower rail 16 to establish the tongue 31 of doublethiclr ness, the upperedge portion of which is refolded .as shown at 32to establish an outwardl-y facinglocking groove. A plate 33 has itsedges'folded backwardly on :themselves to correspond to the grooves 30and .32 so that said plate '33 may he slid into placeas shown in Figure1 in order :to complete the construction .of the lower rail 16. :Saidplate 33 may also %be soldered or riveted in place if necessary. The topcross rail 15 is established by a sheet which is so folded as to provideinner and outer ogees .34 and 35 respectively :between which there isestablished the channel portion .36 to receive the upper edge of theglass pane. The ogee '35 is carried out and then the sheet is turnedupwardly as shown at 317 and is refoldec downwardly .as shown at 38 toestablish a downwardly facing channel, the position of which is directlyopposite to the upper portion of the channel 36.

Beyond the position of the other ogee 34 the sheet is carried upwardlyas shown at 39 and then outwardly and downwardly as shown at 4O toestablish a downwardly facing channel which is located directly oppositeto the upper portion of the channel 36.

A top plate 41 has its inner edge reversely folded as shown at 42 andthen carried downwardly and folded upwardly as shown at 43 so as toestablish a locking groove and tongue portion which directly engages theportion 38 of the other sheet. The other edge of the sheet 41 is turneddownwardly and then upwardly on a reverse fold as shown at 43 toestablish air-upwardly facing channel to engage the edge portion 40already referred .to.

The sheet 41 is slipped into place lengthwise with respect to the crossrail 15 and is simultaneously locked into the edge portions of the ogeeshaped sheet; and if desired the two sheets may be soldered or rivetedor otherwise secured together as necessary.

It will be noted that the flat portion of the sheet 41 may be laiddirectly againstthe top edge of the channel 36 as best shown in thedetail of Figure 2. The channel 36 thus constitutes the limiting factorwhich determines the position of the sheet 41 in the sense that saidsheetcan not be set any lower down without making the channel36correspondingly shallower. Thus for a given dcpth of channel 36 thesheet 41 is at its lowest position when in contact with the channel. I

V The lockinggroovcs 43 and 38 are formed in a vertical direction andparallel to the plane of the glass pane 20. This brings the exposedjoint or seal 44 along the corner or edge of the sash instead of alongone of its faces. In such location said joint may be most easily andconveniently sealed by soldering or otherwise; and when so sealed thestructure presents a practically perfect and continuous surface acrossthe entire joint. Even when this joint is not sealed by solderingthroughout its length, it is of such small and unobtrusive nature thatthe paint will itself practically seal the'joint and establish thecontinuity 20f the surfaces. At this point I wish to make reference tothe construction shown in Figure 6 by way of comparison. The arrangementshown in Fig. 6 is substantially similar to that so far described withrespect to my improved horizontal or cross rail 15 with the exceptionthat the top plate 41 in Figure 6 is located a considerable distanceabove the channel 36 so that the vertical dimension of the cross rail 15is correspondingly increased; Furthermore, in thelconstruction of Figure6, the sheet metal plate is carried out beyond the position of the ogee35 .and then up wardly and is then turned into a horizontal positionbefore forming the channel 38 Likewise, the edge of the plate 41" doesnot have to be turned downwardly as shown at 42 in Figure 2; but on thecontrary the channel 43 is placed inga horizontal direction so astoengage the channel 38 in the manner indicated in Figure 6. V

The differences of structure as between the arrangement shown in Figure6 and the arrangement shown in the other figures is important and of avery definite nature as the following explanation will show; I

In order to form the channel 38 in the structure of Figure 6, whichchannel lies in a horizontal plane and above the upper edge of thechannel 36, it is necessary to have a sufficient clearance between theinner edge of said channel 38 and the top edge of the channel 86 to makepossible the use of a die of suflicient strength to do the work. Thisclearance can not possibly be established in the case of cross rails forwindow sash of the type shown in Fig. 6 except by raising the channel 38 a substantial distance above the elevation of the channel 36? and withcorresponding increase in the vertical overall dimension of the crossrail 15.

On the contrary in the type of construction to which this inventonrelates and as shown especially in the detail of Figs. 1 and 2, thenecessary clearances can be established between the channels 38 and 36to accommodate dies of suflicient mechanical strength to do the workeven when the channel 38 is the channel 36 as shown in Figure 2 inparticular. The reason for the above condition is readily apparent sincethe depth of the channel 38 or 38 is necessarily very much greater inamount than the thickness of said channel or the clearance between thefolds of the sheet.

Because of the above condition I am enabled by placing the channel 38 onthe vertical fold of the metal instead of on the horizontal foldthereof, to very materially reduce the vertical dimension of the crossrail and lower the plate 41 down to the position of the channel 86 whichthen becomes the limiting factor.

If desired a lock plate 45 may be set between the channel 36 and thefold 89 (see Fig. 2) and said lock plate is covered over by the sheet 41when in place. The window lock is then screwed or otherwise connected tothe lock plate 45.

In like manner ahandle plate 46 maybe a set into the lower cross rail toreceive the sary rigidity in the sash itself. For this purpose thefacing plate sections of the end portions of the stiles and cross railsare lapped as shown in Figure 5 and are then joined by rivets such as47. In connection with the foregoing it will be understood that It iscustomary in the case of metal frame window sash to divide the glassinto two or more panes or sectlons, the ad olningedges of which areconnected togetherand supported by what are known asfmuntinbars.

Suchamuntin bar is shown at 48 in Figure 4. It comprises the inner andoutersections ofsuita-ble construction which are connected and securedtogether byscrews 49 after the glass panes have been set into place. Insetting the glass panes into place it is usually necessary tomakeprovision in the top cross rail of the sash toallow the pane to beraised far enough so that'its loweredge can then be sctover and droppeddown into the groove of the lower rail. This makes it necessary toprovide the extra depth of the channel 36 shown in Figures 1 and 2; but

in any case the .plate41 may be set down againstthe top of channel byusing the features of the present invention.

The glasspanes are puttied or otherwise cemented into place in thecustomary manner.

The upper-sash 8 is of construction simiand the features of invention ofthe joints may be used in the case of the sash 8. Thus for example, thejoints 50 and 51 for the upper cross rail 52 and the joint 53 for the,1- "1'05 more of such glass area.

VVlnle I have here n shown and described only a slngle embodiment of thefeatures of my present invention, still I do not intend to limit myselfthereto except as I may do so in the claim.

I claim:

A window sash including a horizontal cross rail formed from a pair ofsheet metal sections, one of said sheet metal sections being folded toestablish a central vertical pane receiving channel and being formedwith ogee sections at the sides of said channel and being continuousacross said channel, a flange projecting outwardly from the actuallyamounts in many cases to fifteen per cent or 1 edge portion of one ofsaid ogee sections and lying parallel to the pane receiving channel andterminating in a reverse bend establishing a relatively thin lockingchannel at the inside face of said flange and lying parallel to the panereceiving channel, said locking channel being located substantiallywith; its extreme portion at least as close to the ogee section as theextreme portion of the pane receiving channel, a flange extendingoutwardly from the other of said ogee sections and terminating in areverse bend establishing a relatively .thin locking channel at the edgeof said flange and lying parallel to the pane receiving channel and withits extreme portion at least as close to the ogee section as the extremeportion of the pane receiving channel and a cover plate for said crossrail, said cover plate including a flat central portion adapted toextend over and inclose the side portions of the cross .rail, and liesubstantially against the extreme portion of the pane receiving channel,both sides of said plate being provided with reversely folded lockingchannels lying at right angles to said cover plate and establishingoutwardly facing relatively thin locking channels adapted to receive andengage with the locking channels first mentioned, substantially asdescribed. I

HERMAN SVVI-SSLER.

